Responder is a powerful tool used to perform redirection and credential sniffing attacks on local networks. It exploits insecure network protocols such as LLMNR (Link-Local Multicast Name Resolution), NBT-NS (NetBIOS Name Service), and MDNS (Multicast DNS) to intercept authentication requests and collect login credentials. It can also perform man-in-the-middle (MITM) attacks to steal encrypted passwords from protocols such as SMB, HTTP, LDAP, and FTP, making it a dangerous tool for internal attacks against Windows environments. The potential harm of this tool is that it is used to steal credentials from devices connected to the same network without the need to perform external attacks, which facilitates hacking administrative accounts and accessing sensitive resources. It can also be exploited to obtain password hashes and then use tools such as Hashcat to decrypt them, which can lead to complete control of the network. It can also facilitate escalation attacks to gain higher privileges within the system. To protect against these risks, it is recommended to disable LLMNR, NBT-NS, and MDNS protocols on the network to prevent the tool from intercepting requests. It is also recommended to use strong authentication protocols such as Kerberos instead of NTLM and reduce reliance on text passwords by enabling multi-factor authentication (MFA). In addition, it is recommended to use firewalls to detect suspicious activity and monitor the network for unauthorized redirect attempts. It is also preferable to enable SMB signing to prevent exploitation of unencrypted authentication.

Back $_ Tool commands $_