To Explain

System attacks are among the most dangerous cyber threats, as attackers exploit vulnerabilities to take control of devices or steal data. These attacks include several types, such as exploiting software vulnerabilities that rely on discovering system errors such as Buffer Overflow or Zero-Day, and escalation attacks that enable the attacker to bypass security restrictions to reach the system administrator level, in addition to malware such as viruses and Trojans that hide inside legitimate files or processes. Brute force attacks are also a traditional way to crack passwords, while social engineering relies on tricking users into revealing sensitive information. These attacks can be complex due to the presence of advanced protection systems such as ASLR and DEP, but attackers resort to protection bypass techniques such as Privilege Escalation and DLL Injection to continue the attack without being detected. The most prominent tools used are Metasploit for penetration testing, Mimikatz for extracting authentication data, Cobalt Strike for controlling infected systems, and Hashcat for cracking passwords. The danger of these attacks lies in their ability to cause significant damage such as system disruption, data leakage, ransomware attacks, or even using compromised devices as part of a botnet to carry out large-scale attacks. Therefore, protection depends on constantly updating systems, activating firewalls, using multi-factor authentication, and restricting user privileges, in addition to deploying advanced detection and response solutions such as EDR, which reduces the chances of success of these attacks and protects the digital infrastructure from hacking.

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