Aircrack-ng is a powerful toolkit used to test the security of Wi-Fi networks. It allows users to intercept and analyze data packets in order to crack WEP and WPA/WPA2 encryption using brute force or dictionary attacks. It also supports capturing and analyzing handshake packets using tools like airmon-ng to run monitoring mode, airodump-ng to capture packets, and aireplay-ng to perform deauthentication attacks to disable connected devices and force them to reconnect, making it easier to intercept handshakes. It can also be combined with tools like Hashcat to decrypt keys using advanced GPU attacks. The potential harm of this tool is that it is used to hack wireless networks and steal passwords, which gives the attacker unauthorized access to the Internet or sensitive systems. It can also be exploited to spy on traffic and intercept user data such as logins and private information. It is also used in Denial of Service (DoS) attacks to disrupt the network by sending fake packets that cause legitimate users to disconnect. To protect against these risks, it is recommended to use strong encryption such as WPA3 instead of WEP or WPA2. WPS (Wi-Fi Protected Setup) should be disabled because it is considered an easily exploitable weakness. In addition, it is recommended to change the default passwords of access points and use strong passwords that are difficult to guess. It is also preferable to enable MAC Filtering to allow only trusted devices to connect to the network and monitor suspicious activities using intrusion detection systems (IDS) to detect hacking attempts in real time.

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